I’m one of those nuts who think every day is a good day to read scripture. I also know I am not in the majority! But it’s my blog, so we’re going to look at scripture on this beautiful Sunday morning. One of the best-known biblical writings on justice comes from Amos. Amos was a prophet in the northern kingdom of Israel during the 8th century BCE (Judah was the southern kingdom. The two kingdoms were unified by King David in roughly 1000 BCE and then split after Solomon’s death in 928 BCE).
Amos grew up in the South, but went to Bethel in Israel (a little north of Jerusalem) to prophesy. His prophecy centered on Israel’s hypocrisy: They were called to be God’s chosen people, yet they were acting just like everyone else – ignoring the poor, exploiting the vulnerable, and worshipping with dead hearts. God says through Amos:
I hate, I despise your festivals, and I take no delight in your solemn assemblies. Even though you offer me your burnt offerings and grain offerings, I will not accept them; and the offerings of well-being of your fatted animals I will not look upon. Take away from me the noise of your songs; I will not listen to the melody of your harps. But let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream. – Amos 5: 21-24
God doesn’t want our ritual. God wants justice and righteousness.
‘Justice’ is a translation from the Hebrew word mishpat (which, depending on context, also translates as judgment). Mishpat is a juridical term that refers to individuals’ rights to participate in community and the relationship between that participation and the integrity of the social order. Those who violate that integrity experience judgment. Those who are denied their integrity are promised justice. We are just to the extent we ensure all people and their well-being are regarded in the structures of society.
‘Righteousness’ translates from the Hebrew word tsadeqah. Tsadeqah is a relational term that refers to creating wholeness in a particular relationship by focusing on the well-being of the others in that relationship. We are righteous to the extent that we create whole relationships by putting others first and taking care of their needs before our own – recognizing that they are doing the same for us.
[Editorial Note: I love this understanding of righteousness! We can never be righteous on our own; our own righteousness comes from the wholeness of our relationships. Beautiful. So all you ‘self-righteous’ people out there with your ‘self-righteous indignation’: You might think about spending some time in prayer asking God to give you the desire and strength to focus on building whole relationships instead of feeling self-satisfied that you get to be right while the folks who disagree with you are wrong. Okay, that’s enough editorializing!]
Though the terms are distinct, we often see them together in Hebrew scripture – the integrity of and participation in a given community cannot come if each member of the community fails to look out for the other members. Likewise, people are often denied their ability (and certainly often their motivation) to put first the needs of those who systematically deny their right to participate in community. On the flip side, as particular individuals and groups are increasingly excluded from participating, it becomes easier for those who do still get to participate to overlook (not necessarily maliciously) the needs and even existence of those they no longer ‘see’.
Amos tells the Israelites that they have the wrong focus. They have become caught up in thinking that devotion to God meant following the rituals of worship – offerings, incense, and prayer. What they need is to:
Seek good and not evil, that you may live; and so the LORD, the God of hosts, will be with you, just as you have said. Hate evil and love good, and establish justice in the gate; it may be that the LORD, the God of hosts, will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph. – Amos 5:14-15
Like Thurman in Jesus and the Disinherited, this isn’t simply a change in the Israelites’ sentiment (any more than it is a change in ours); it is a disciplined change in behavior. That discipline, coupled with a sincere desire for God to change our hearts to long for justice and righteousness, is what transforms empty ritual into true devotion.
My friends have often heard me say that at the end of the day, people do what they want to do. Folks who tell you they "can't" do something -- 10 times out of 10 -- are really telling you they don't want to do it. If they really wanted to, they would. Now here's the thing: In order to be disciplined in ensuring participation and wholeness in community, we have to want it (in that "nothing's going to stop me, so don't start giving me excuses" way). It's not easy and it means that there are times when we have to give up what we want to satisfy the needs of others.
It's doubtful we can live that way on our own, but God wants us to live fully, so we can be assured that if we ask to develop the desire for justice and righteousness into our hearts, God will help us. Then, we’ll actually want it. Then no number of excuses will stop us from working for it. The key is that we can’t sit around and wait to want it; we act and we pray at the same time.
And that’s what we’ll focus on this week. Tomorrow we’ll look at the spiritual discipline of hospitality (not the flimsy understanding of hospitality we have been taught by Miss Manners, but the gritty, tough understanding of hospitality that implies personal sacrifice) and spend the rest of the week thinking about how we can move from where we are today to the fullness of community God wills for us all.
Action for today: Today let's pray for God to change our hearts so we want everyone to participate in the decisions that shape their lives and we want people to have their needs met more than we want our own needs to be met. Take 5 minutes, right now, maybe play some music if that helps your brain get quiet, ask God to help you want to live justly and righteously, and then ask God to show you what that looks like in your life. God might move your thoughts to a particular relationship that could use some tending, or a specific person or group of people you know directly who are excluded. That's it for today -- we're going to start getting our hearts right. We'll keep praying some variant of this all week as we start changing our actions too, but the prayer part is critical. Seriously, it's just five minutes out of your day. The goal is to spend more of that time listening to God (where God takes your thoughts once you ask for guidance) than you spend asking God for guidance. So maybe one minute asking and four minutes letting God direct your thoughts.
Be well,
Becky